![]() The lungs together weigh approximately 1.3 kilograms (2.9 lb), and the right is heavier. The right lung is bigger than the left, which shares space in the chest with the heart. They are situated within the thoracic cavity of the chest. Humans have two lungs, a right lung and a left lung. The lungs also provide airflow that makes vocal sounds including human speech possible. In humans, the main muscle of respiration that drives breathing is the diaphragm. In early tetrapods, air was driven into the lungs by the pharyngeal muscles via buccal pumping, a mechanism still seen in amphibians. Mammals, reptiles and birds use their different muscles to support and foster breathing. Respiration is driven by different muscular systems in different species. Their function in the respiratory system is to extract oxygen from the atmosphere and transfer it into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere, in a process of gas exchange. In mammals and most other vertebrates, two lungs are located near the backbone on either side of the heart. The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and many other animals including a few fish and some snails.
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